Baker Island (2001) | Glorioso Islands (2004) | |
Airports | 1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable (2000 est.) | 1 (2003 est.) |
Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
Area | total:
1.4 sq km land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 5 sq km
land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ile Glorieuse, Ile du Lys, Verte Rocks, Wreck Rock, and South Rock |
Area - comparative | about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
Background | The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast. | A French possession since 1892, the Glorioso Islands are composed of two lushly vegetated coral islands (Ile Glorieuse and Ile du Lys) and three rock islets. A military garrison operates a weather and radio station on Ile Glorieuse. |
Climate | equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun | tropical |
Coastline | 4.8 km | 35.2 km |
Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Baker Island |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Glorioso Islands local long form: none local short form: Iles Glorieuses |
Dependency status | unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system | possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion |
Diplomatic representation from the US | - | none (possession of France) |
Diplomatic representation in the US | - | none (possession of France) |
Disputes - international | none | claimed by Madagascar |
Economy - overview | no economic activity | no economic activity |
Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 8 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 12 m |
Environment - current issues | no natural fresh water resources | NA |
Flag description | the flag of the US is used | the flag of France is used |
Geographic coordinates | 0 13 N, 176 31 W | 11 30 S, 47 20 E |
Geography - note | treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife | the islands and rocks are surrounded by an extensive reef system |
Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1993) | 0 sq km (1998 est.) |
Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all lush vegetation and coconut palms) (2001) |
Legal system | the laws of the US, where applicable, apply | the laws of France, where applicable, apply |
Location | Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia | Southern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Madagascar |
Map references | Oceania | Africa |
Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard | defense is the responsibility of France |
Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | periodic cyclones |
Natural resources | guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife | guano, coconuts |
Population | uninhabited
note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2001 est.) |
no indigenous inhabitants
note: there is a small French military garrison along with a few meteorologists; visited by scientists (July 2004 est.) |
Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast | none; offshore anchorage only |
Terrain | low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef | low and flat |
Waterways | none | - |